Young specialist - according to the Labor Code. What guarantees are given to young specialists Guarantees and benefits to young specialists

Citizens classified as young professionals are entitled to various benefits, guarantees and payments that are established by federal and regional laws. We will try to understand in more detail the payments and benefits for young professionals in this article.

Who is a young specialist

Young specialists include citizens of the Russian Federation no older than 35 years old who first entered work immediately after graduating from a higher or secondary educational institution and working in their specialty until the expiration of a three-year period from the date of graduation.

Sometimes some organizations in their local regulations also include as young specialists people entering work for the first time, regardless of their education, no older than 30 - 35 years old, or people of the specified age sent for training by the employer. The employer may also set additional criteria, for example, the form of training.

Thus, industry agreements and local regulations of the employer can clarify the criteria for classification as young specialists.

The status of “young specialist” is retained by the employee for a period of time determined by law or by the employer in a local regulation. As a rule, this time ranges from one to three years.

Measures to support young professionals, including providing them with social guarantees, are established in accordance with federal, regional and local legislation, as well as in accordance with local acts of employers.

Federal guarantees and payments to young professionals

Russian legislation establishes federal guarantees for young specialists. These include:

• no probationary period when hiring, provided that the young specialist first goes to work in his specialty within a year from the date of receiving vocational education;
• payment of a one-time monetary incentive to the Prize-winners of the All-Russian competition for the title of the best employee of a social service institution in the nomination “Best Young Social Service Specialist”;
• social payments to young professionals living and working in rural areas or who have expressed a desire to move there for a permanent place of work and residence for the construction (purchase) of housing.

To receive the benefits and payments specified in the previous paragraph, young professionals must simultaneously comply with the following conditions:

• they must permanently reside in rural areas;
• they must work under an employment contract or carry out individual entrepreneurial activities in rural areas for a year on the date of filing an application for inclusion in the list of participants in measures to improve the living conditions of citizens living in rural areas;
• they must have their own or borrowed funds in the amount of at least 30 percent of the estimated cost of construction (purchase) of housing;
• they must be recognized as in need of improved housing conditions.

Regional guarantees and surcharges

In addition to federal measures, payments, guarantees and benefits for young specialists can be established by the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and regulations of local governments.

Also at the regional level, programs are being adopted to support young professionals in certain industries or localities, for example, for doctors in rural areas. Most often, these programs provide payments and benefits to young professionals in the form of “lifting”, preferential housing loans, etc.

As an example, we can cite a program implemented in Moscow, according to which, during the first three years of work, young teachers of state educational institutions are paid (as young specialists) in the form of an additional payment to their salary in the amount of 40 percent (and those with an honors diploma receive additional payments of 50 percent).

Guarantees and benefits for young professionals from employers

Many employers themselves provide additional guarantees, payments and benefits for young professionals. The law does not prohibit them from doing this.

Let's look at a few examples.

In organizations subordinate to Rosmorrechflot, employers take measures to retain young specialists, provide, under the terms of a collective agreement, for the payment of financial assistance (“lifting allowances”) to young specialists, an additional payment to wages for a period of up to two years from the date of graduation from a higher educational institution in full-time study, contribute to the resolution of housing issues (including issues of housing rental compensation) within the limits of financial capabilities.

Some institutions subordinate to the Moscow Department of Health provide incentive payments to young specialists.

In some organizations subordinate to the Ministry of Sports of Russia, a so-called effective contract is concluded with a young specialist, which allows such specialist to establish additional payments to the salary rate if he demonstrates professional knowledge, responsibility, and a desire for self-development.

In addition, in these same organizations, young professionals who are athletes may be paid at the expense of the organization’s funds:

• a one-time benefit in the amount of up to three official salaries;
• interest-free loan for improvement for a period of five years with a delay in the start of loan repayment for a year;
• monthly payment for the maintenance of children in kindergartens.

Benefits for young professionals, established by the state and regional authorities, are designed to stimulate the employment of graduates of primary, secondary and higher educational institutions in state and municipal organizations. Benefits for young specialists, the procedure for their provision, the status of a young specialist and the conditions for receiving it - all this and much more is described in this article.

Who is considered a young specialist according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation?

The status of a young specialist and the provision of corresponding benefits at the federal level are practically not regulated today. The only legal act containing such a provision is Article 70 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, which prohibits the employer from establishing probationary periods when hiring for citizens who graduated from secondary vocational and higher educational institutions less than a year ago. A young specialist has no other benefits under the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

Even the very concept of “young specialist” as such is not established either in the Labor Code or in any other federal law. Only based on the content of regional regulations can one identify the main criteria for obtaining this status:

• age up to 35 years (although in some regions the age is limited to 30 years);
• availability of primary (vocational school or lyceum), secondary vocational or higher education received through a full-time education system in an educational institution that has state accreditation (a number of regions establish training on a budgetary basis as an additional condition);
• initial employment at a public sector enterprise after receiving a diploma.

The provision of benefits, one-time payments and other measures of social support for young professionals are established by industry agreements of the relevant departments. As for non-state structures, such support is provided on the basis of local regulations of specific enterprises.

In other words, in order to obtain reliable information about the benefits due, during employment or immediately after it, you need to familiarize yourself with the collective agreement of the enterprise. In addition, many organizations have provisions on the status of a young specialist - these documents clearly state the working conditions of yesterday's students, the mechanism for providing them with benefits, the number and amount of payments, etc.

Until what age is the status of a young specialist valid?

The age limit for a young specialist to receive appropriate benefits is 30-35 years, depending on the region of employment. The status is valid for 3 years from the date of conclusion of the employment contract and is not re-assigned.

In some cases, the status of a young specialist can be extended up to 6 years:

• when undergoing urgent military or alternative service;
• full-time postgraduate studies (postgraduate studies);
• while on maternity leave, as well as child care leave.

Measures to support young professionals. Payments to young professionals

There are currently no nationwide measures for social support for young professionals; they are regulated only by regional legislation. As a rule, assistance is expressed in the provision of the following guarantees:

• one-time payments upon employment;
• compensation payments to reimburse transportation costs;
• preferential loans or subsidies for the purchase (construction) of housing or the provision of corporate housing;
• interest-free loan for improvement;
• partial or full reimbursement of expenses for paying for the maintenance of children in preschool institutions, etc.

Two budget areas have priority in this direction: education and health care.

For example, the current version of Moscow Government Decree No. 172-PP dated March 23, 2004 “On measures to provide teaching staff to educational institutions in Moscow” contains the following conditions for assigning the status of a young specialist:

• age up to 35 years;
• presence of secondary vocational or higher pedagogical education;
• start of teaching activity no later than 3 months after receiving the diploma.

Important: the lack of special education does not deprive a young teacher of his status if he works in the specified field. For example, a school teacher who has not reached 35 years of age and has a diploma in any profession not related to teaching can also apply for the title of young specialist.

For teachers from the northern capital, the upper age threshold is lower - young specialists in this field, in accordance with the law of St. Petersburg No. 107-27 “On measures of social support for employees of state educational institutions” dated 04/03/2007 (as amended in 2011) , teachers under the age of 30 are considered.

Don't know your rights?

A school teacher from Saratov must also be no older than 30 years old in order to receive the status of a young specialist - this is evidenced by the provision of the law of the Saratov region “On social support for young specialists of public sector institutions of the Saratov region” No. 96-ZSO dated 03.08.2011.

Important: information about social support for young teachers in a particular region can be obtained from the territorial division of the Department of Education at the place of residence and work.

The healthcare sector is less liberal: the state has provided social benefits and benefits for young specialists - doctors only if they move to rural areas. In accordance with Law No. 326-FZ “On Compulsory Medical Insurance in the Russian Federation” dated November 29, 2010, doctors are entitled to receive compensation payments if they meet the following requirements:

• age up to 35 years;
• employment and residence after graduation in rural areas;
• conclusion of an employment contract for a period of at least 5 years.

Young specialist in education. Benefits and payments

As well as the status itself, payments and benefits to young specialists of state and municipal educational institutions are established at the regional level. For example, in Moscow and St. Petersburg it looks like this:

1. Moscow

In addition to a one-time cash payment upon starting a job, young teachers - Muscovites in the first 3 years of work have the right to a salary supplement in the amount of 40% of the rate. For specialists who have received a diploma with honors, the premium is higher - 50%.

In addition, in Moscow, a young specialist in education receives another type of surcharge - 15% of the rate to compensate for half the cost of the ticket.

Important: the amount of allowances and additional payments is calculated without taking into account additional workload. That is, if a young teacher works at one and a half times, he will receive an additional payment for only one.

2. St. Petersburg

For young school teachers in the northern capital, salary increases are not provided, but they have the right to receive one-time payments in the amount of:

• 6 basic units - for specialists who have received a state diploma of higher and secondary vocational education;
• 8 basic units - for specialists who have received a diploma of the same level with honors.

As of January 1, 2015, the size of one basic unit is 8,432 rubles.

In addition, during the first 3 years of work, teachers in St. Petersburg who have not reached 30 years of age must be reimbursed monthly for travel expenses by any type of passenger transport, with the exception of taxis, up to half the cost.

You can receive a one-time payment by submitting a corresponding application to the relevant department of education or social security authority of St. Petersburg.

Help for young healthcare professionals

Law No. 326-FZ establishes compensation payments in the amount of 1 million rubles for young doctors who moved to rural areas as part of the all-Russian social program “Zemsky Doctor”. To receive payment, it is necessary to conclude an appropriate agreement with the local government authorities at the place of work.

Raise money is available only to doctors, that is, specialists who have a higher medical education and have gotten a job in their field. At the same time, the main condition for providing monetary compensation is a 5-year period of work for the young doctor in the village. In case of early dismissal, he will have to return part of the previously paid amount.

In addition to money, the state is obliged to provide such specialists with housing through:

• provision of accommodation;
• provision of land for housing construction;
• or compensation of part of the loan or loan for the purchase of housing.

Important: a one-time payment of 1 million rubles is targeted and tax-free: the money should be spent exclusively on improving housing conditions. For example, when the state reimburses part of a loan for the purchase of housing, repayment of the remaining part is assumed from funds paid under the Zemstvo Doctor program.

Additional social protection measures for doctors in Russian regions

Many regions of Russia establish additional incentive measures for doctors who get a job in healthcare institutions in rural areas. Thus, the legislation of the Pskov region includes representatives of paramedical personnel in the list, assigning them one-time payments in addition to those provided for by federal legislation:

• doctors - 100,000 rubles;
• nurses and paramedics - 30,000 rubles;
• nurses and paramedics employed in medical and obstetric centers - 50,000 rubles.

In the Rostov region, young doctors begin to receive financial support from the municipality even before receiving their diplomas: additional payments to the scholarship are established for 4-6 year students of the Rostov Medical University. And intern doctors, regardless of the year of study, received the right to payments in the amount of 5,000 rubles monthly - as an increase in wages.

It is important to remember that accurate information about the types of benefits and payments to young doctors in the regions and the procedure for their provision should be obtained from local governments or territorial departments and health departments. At the same time, the lack of sufficient funds in the regional budget cannot be a basis for refusing to provide payments.

In accordance with Article 48 of the Code of the Republic of Belarus on Education, graduates who are provided with a job through distribution are provided with guarantees and compensation, in particular:

Employment in accordance with the acquired specialty (specialty area, specialization) and assigned qualifications;

Rest duration is thirty-one calendar days, and for graduates sent to work as teaching staff - forty-five calendar days. At the initiative of the graduate, the duration of rest may be reduced;

Compensation in connection with moving to work in another area in accordance with labor legislation;

Cash assistance, the amount, sources of financing and payment procedure for which are determined by the Government of the Republic of Belarus.

In accordance with this article, guarantees and compensation are also provided to graduates sent to work, including graduates sent to work who received higher or secondary specialized education in full-time education at the expense of individuals or citizens’ own funds.

Rest

Rest is used by the graduate before employment in an organization for distribution (direction).

If a graduate is already in an employment relationship, he can use his vacation only by granting him labor or social leave. For example, by agreement with the employer, social leave may be issued for family, household or other valid reasons on the basis of Article 190 of the Labor Code.

Cash assistance

In accordance with paragraph 25 of the Regulations on the procedure for distribution, redistribution, assignment to work, subsequent assignment to work of graduates who have received postgraduate, higher, secondary specialized or vocational education, approved by Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus dated June 22, 2011 No. 821, monetary compensation is paid help:

young specialists, as well as graduates who have received higher or secondary specialized education in full-time education at the expense of individuals or the own funds of citizens who are sent to work - in the amount of a monthly stipend assigned to them in the last semester (half-year) before graduation;

young workers (employees) who have received vocational education - based on the tariff rate according to the qualification assigned to them (grade, class, category) or the corresponding salary.

Payment of monetary assistance is carried out by the employer within a month from the date of conclusion of the employment agreement (contract) with the graduate in full, regardless of the number of rest days he used.

Graduates sent to work as teaching staff by the educational institution are paid cash assistance for 45 calendar days at the expense of the republican or local budgets based on the monthly stipend assigned to them in the last semester (half-year) before graduation, no later than the issuance of a certificate of assignment to work.

If young professionals and graduates did not receive a scholarship in the last semester (half-year) before graduation, they are paid the appropriate financial assistance based on the social scholarship established on the date of graduation.

A certificate of the amount of the scholarship is issued by the educational institution when issuing an education document.

Guarantees and compensation in connection with relocation

According to the first part of Article 96 of the Labor Code, graduates who are provided with a place of work by distribution, graduates sent to work, moving to another area, are reimbursed:

the cost of travel for the graduate and his family members (husband, wife, children and parents of both spouses who are dependent on them and living with them) on the same conditions as when sending an employee on a business trip;

expenses for transporting property by rail, water and road transport (public) in an amount of up to 500 kilograms for the graduate himself and up to 150 kilograms for each moving family member (by agreement of the parties, costs for transporting a larger amount of property can be paid);

daily allowance for each day of travel in accordance with the legislation on business trips;

a one-time benefit for the graduate himself in the amount of his monthly tariff rate (salary) at the new place of work and for each moving family member in the amount of one-fourth of the benefit for the graduate himself.

To determine a graduate’s right to compensation in connection with moving to work in another area, one should proceed from which locality was the place of his permanent (predominant) residence (registration at the place of residence, permanent registration) before distribution (referral). In this case, temporary registration for the period of study at the location of the educational institution is not taken into account.

For example. The graduate was employed by assignment in Minsk. He studied in Minsk, where he was temporarily registered for the period of study. Before entering an educational institution, he lived permanently in Mogilev.

The right to receive compensation provided for in Article 96 of the Labor Code exists if, after being assigned to work, a graduate arrived in the village, which was not his place of permanent residence before the distribution (direction).

Article 96 of the Labor Code does not contain a requirement for the employee to present documents indicating his registration in the locality at the place of work. In addition, in accordance with paragraph 21 of the Regulations on registration of citizens at the place of residence and place of stay (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations), approved by Decree of the President of the Republic of Belarus dated 09/07/2007 No. 413, in the case of temporary departure from the place of residence for a period of more than one month, a citizen has the right register at the place of stay, unless otherwise provided in paragraphs 28-1 and 30 of the Regulations. Registration of citizens at the place of residence is carried out for a period of up to one year, unless another period is established by the Regulations. Registration of citizens at the place of residence is carried out without removing them from the registration register at the place of residence.

The list of documents required for the payment of compensation established by Article 96 of the Labor Code is not defined by labor legislation. In this regard, the issue of payment of compensation provided for in Article 96 of the Labor Code must be decided by the employer, taking into account the circumstances and documents occurring in each specific case.

Travel expenses are made in accordance with the Instruction on the procedure and amount of reimbursement of expenses for business trips within the Republic of Belarus, approved by Decree of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Belarus dated April 12, 2000 No. 35. Thus, according to this Instruction, travel expenses are confirmed by original travel documents.

In Russia, it is quite difficult for university graduates to get a job - some employers require mandatory work experience, others greatly underestimate the wages of young specialists. In order to facilitate the employment of graduates, as well as to fill vacant positions in budgetary institutions, the state offers certain support programs for young professionals.

Young professionals today socially unprotected– not every employer would be willing to hire such an employee, and the wage level is minimal. In addition, due to their youth, such people usually do not yet have their own housing, which requires spend a significant portion of your income on renting an apartment. Taking this into account, the state offers young specialists special conditions for employment, financial support and the purchase of housing.

In Russian legislation, the status of a young specialist is not fixed in one definition; each program has its own requirements for young specialists. The only mention of young specialists in the Labor Code of the Russian Federation is the norm, prohibiting employers from establishing a probationary period for employees who graduated less than a year ago.

Based on other regulatory legal acts, the requirements for classification as young specialists on average are as follows:

• age - no more than 35 years old, and in some cases no more than 30 years old;
• Availability completed primary, secondary vocational or higher education. In this case, education must be obtained through full-time study in an accredited specialty, in some cases - at the expense of the budget;
• employment after receiving a diploma in a public sector organization by distribution.

Social support for young professionals is mostly regional programs, so the laws of the relevant constituent entity of the Russian Federation are also important. For example, in Moscow, the status of a young specialist in the field of education is assigned to those who started working in the year of their graduation from the university. no later than 3 months from the beginning of the school year, and also has a certain teaching load.

Social support and protection measures for young professionals mainly apply to education and healthcare workers as the most vulnerable categories of public sector workers.

What benefits are provided by law?

The provision of social support and protection measures for young professionals in Russia occurs within the framework of federal and regional programs, as well as in accordance with industry and regional regulations. In the most general form, young professionals in various fields of activity have the right to the following support measures:

• lifting payments;
• allowances and additional payments to wages, benefits;
• assistance within the framework of special programs – “ Young specialist in the village», « Zemsky doctor», « Zemstvo paramedic»;
• social mortgage on preferential terms;
• other benefits determined at the regional level.

Lifting payments, allowances and benefits

Lifting payments are money that is paid to a young specialist in a lump sum upon admission to the organization’s staff. These payments can be spent on buying or renting housing, arrangement, moving and other purposes.

The amount of lifting payments depends on the region of employment of the young specialist. For example, the amount of allowance for a young teacher will be:

• in Moscow - about 100,000 rubles, and the amount depends on the “color” of the diploma (those who graduate with honors receive more);
• in St. Petersburg - more than 67,000 rubles for “excellent students” and about 50,000 rubles for other young teachers;
• in the Irkutsk region – about 50,000 rubles.

In provincial cities, allowances are also paid, but in smaller amounts ( 10-20 thousand rubles).

Young doctors also apply for raise payments; for them the amount is the equivalent of three official salaries.

Several types of benefits can be established for young professionals:

• one-time– paid, as a rule, at the end of the year;
• monthly– added to wages;
• stimulating– paid based on work results (bonuses).

One-time benefits for young doctors and scientists are paid, as a rule, for three years. For example, in 2017 in the Ulyanovsk region they paid 45,000 rubles at the end of the first year, 40,000 rubles at the end of the second and 35,000 rubles at the end of the third year. The amounts are determined by each subject of the Russian Federation separately.

It is important that if a specialist decides to quit earlier than after 3 years, he will have to return all lump-sum compensation payments he received.

One-time payments also include compensation for moving, which includes both the money directly spent on moving and daily allowances for this time, and one salary is added to the first salary.

The amount of monthly additional payments is also determined by regional authorities. In Moscow, for young teachers, a bonus is paid in the amount of 40-50% of the salary, and in St. Petersburg this measure is not used, but compensation is paid for travel on transport.

For young doctors, the monthly additional payment is 30-40% of the salary, and in some regions bonuses are paid even before medical students finish their diplomas.

"Young specialist in the village"

Government program " Young specialist in the village ” is designed to encourage young professionals to move to work in rural areas. In order to take part in the program, a young specialist must meet the following conditions:

• have a diploma in a relevant field (or a final year student);
• be no older than 35 years old;
• have a certificate of absence of ownership of residential premises;
• after receiving assistance, live in a village and work in your specialty for at least 5 years;
• have enough money at your disposal to cover 30% of the cost of housing.

As part of the program, young teachers and doctors apply to receive a subsidy from the budget covering up to 70% of the cost of a house, apartment or the cost of building their home. This amount is allocated in the form of a loan at a reduced rate of 5% per annum for a period of 10 years. Repayment of this loan is usually made by writing off part of the specialist’s salary.

The main condition is to live in the village for at least 5 years after receiving assistance. Otherwise, the money will be collected back, including by seizing the property.

“Zemsky Doctor” and “Zemsky Paramedic”

According to the federal program " Zemsky doctor» a specialist moving to work in a rural area may qualify for payment from the state in the amount of 1,000,000 rubles. This kind of help can be used to buy a house or apartment, or for the acquisition of land and construction of housing.

The “Zemstvo Doctor” program is regulated by the legislation on compulsory health insurance (CHI), the relevant law describes the conditions and procedure for a doctor to receive a million rubles when moving to a village.

Main conditions for receiving money:

• the specialist must have a higher education diploma and on completion of residency or internship(good academic performance and grades in the diploma are important);
• age - no more than 50 years(accordingly, this includes young specialists);
• desire to work in rural areas on a permanent basis ( at least 5 years);
• lack of your own home.

This program is being implemented in different regions of the country; in some, vacancies for doctors in rural hospitals have already been almost completely filled. Therefore, before moving to the village and applying for participation in the program, you need to make sure that such participation is possible.

There is a regional program “Zemsky Paramedic” for paramedics. The terms of the program are similar to the program discussed above, with some exceptions:

• regional program– valid only in those constituent entities of the Russian Federation that have implemented it;
• the amount of payment to the paramedic is 500,000 rubles;
• age of the applicant – not older than 35 years(certain constituent entities of the Russian Federation increase the maximum age to 50 years);
• Secondary medical education is required.

After receiving funding, a paramedic must work in a rural area for at least 5 years.

Housing programs

As part of the subprogram “Providing housing for certain categories of citizens,” the state provides assistance with the acquisition of their own housing by young professionals.

Public sector employees, if recognized as in need of housing, may qualify for the following support measures:

• compensation 30-40% of cost purchased housing;
• more low interest rate on a mortgage loan;
• possibility of payment down payment for a mortgage loan at the expense of a subsidy from the state, the loan period is from 5 years.

Young professionals can receive these benefits regardless of whether they buy housing in a new building, on the secondary market, or are building their own home. Funding is provided from regional and federal budgets in coordination JSC "DOM.RF"(formerly AHML).

JSC "DOM.RF" also helps young doctors and teachers obtain a social mortgage:

• for teachers not older than 35 years: loan rate from 5.75%, the ability to attract co-borrowers, minimum down payment that can be made through a subsidy;
• for young doctors: interest rate is about 8.75%, the rate is halved upon the birth of a child, the down payment is paid through a subsidy.

There were additional mortgage lending programs for teachers, but all of them have now closed.

Registration procedure and required documents

In order for a young specialist to receive benefits upon employment, he needs to contact the relevant government body. For teachers, this is the ministry or department of education of the subject in which they are employed; for doctors - the Ministry of Health, etc.

In general, the procedure for receiving lifting payments is as follows:

1. make sure that all conditions for classification as young specialists are met;
2. get a job in your specialty at the appropriate budgetary institution within a year after graduation;
3. submit an application and necessary documents to the government authority;
4. documents are checked, after which a decision on payment is made;
5. After receiving the payment, comply with your obligations.

In some regions and departments, you need to apply for payments directly to your employer. Among the submitted documents, note an application for payments, a copy of the work record book, birth certificates of children, and a passport.

To participate in the “Young Rural Specialist” program, you need to prepare the following list of documents:

1		application in the prescribed form (can be obtained from the housing department of the local administration)
2		copy of the passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation
3		copy of education document - diploma
4		copies of children's birth certificates
5		certificate of non-ownership of housing, certificate of inspection of housing conditions
6		bank statement confirming the availability of the required amount for the purchase of housing (30% of the cost)
7		documents for the purchase or construction of real estate (preliminary purchase and sale agreement)

Documents are submitted to the local government authority. Review of the application takes 40-60 days, after which a decision is made. If the decision is positive, the young specialist gets in line to receive a subsidy.

In order to become a participant in the “Zemsky Doctor” program and receive a million rubles, a young specialist must prepare such documents:

1		passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation
2		Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN)
3		a copy of the contract with a medical organization for a period of 5 years, a copy of the order on admission to the staff
4		a copy of a higher education diploma and documents confirming completion of residency or internship
5		Bank account details (for transferring assistance amounts)
6		application to be placed on a waiting list for assistance

Documents are submitted to the ministry or health department of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation to which the young doctor is moving (previously submitted to the Compulsory Health Insurance Fund). According to the legislation, assistance under the program “ Zemsky doctor» is financed by federal and regional budgets.

When a positive decision on payment is made, the federal budget transfers its amount within 3 days, after which the region adds its part. In general, the law allows 30 days to transfer money to a doctor.

Registration of assistance under the Zemstvo Paramedic program practically no different from this procedure, except that the program is regional and the money is transferred from the budget of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

To obtain a mortgage loan under special programs, young professionals need to go through the standard loan approval procedure for borrowers and provide the relevant documents (passport, income certificate, information about the housing being purchased). However, if the program involves lending to specialists in a certain industry, you must provide supporting documents. This may be a diploma of education, a copy of the work record book, a copy of the employment contract.

Latest changes in legislation

In recent years, events to support young professionals have undergone some changes. Until 2014, there were special regional programs to provide housing for teachers - "House for the teacher", "Teacher's house" and others. At the moment, due to rising wages for education workers, these programs have been stopped.

Changes have also occurred in the Zemsky Doctor program. In particular, since 2016 this program applies to doctors aged up to 50 years(before this, the age was limited to 35 years). Also, since 2016, the list of settlements in which the program operates has been expanded.

Since 2018, the Zemsky Doctor program has been transferred from the Compulsory Health Insurance Fund to the Russian Ministry of Health. Accordingly, funds are now also allocated directly from the federal budget and regional budgets. The program was extended to small towns with a population up to 50 thousand inhabitants.

Mortgage programs for young professionals that were implemented through AHML, with the reform, the agencies were transferred to the jurisdiction of the regions. Mortgage interest rates are reviewed regularly as the benchmark for them changes - key rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation.

Features of registration and receipt of benefits

Problems that arise when registering for participation in the Zemsky Doctor program, unfortunately, Not unusual. Since the register of specializations for which specialists are attracted is formed at the regional level, narrow specialists interested in relocating spend a lot of time searching for a possible place of work. Problems also arise with the fact that after registration for a job, a doctor’s specialty may be excluded from the list of priorities for the program. Accordingly, the doctor will not be able to receive a payment of a million rubles.

In some regions, payments under the program are delayed. Since the payment is transferred from two budgets, the share of the regional budget may be delayed. Despite the fact that, by law, payment must be made within 30 days, in fact only the “federal” part can be transferred, and the rest is delayed.

There are few cases of non-payment of allowances to young doctors or teachers, and they, as a rule, have a legal basis. Thus, refusal of payment is received by those who studied by correspondence, for whom this is not the first job, or the educational institution where the specialist works has federal status. In the case where the employer directly refuses payments without sufficient grounds, it is advisable to contact the labor inspectorate, the prosecutor's office and the court.

It is important that, under the conditions of receiving assistance from the state, in most cases it is necessary to work for some time in a budgetary institution. Those who did not take this into account and quit their jobs receive demands to return the money, including through the courts.

The state and regional authorities establish benefits for young specialists, whose task is to stimulate the ability of graduates of primary, secondary and higher educational institutions to work in municipal and state organizations.

In this article we will examine the following issues in detail: what benefits are there for young professionals?; what is the procedure for providing benefits; concept of young specialist status; What are the conditions for obtaining the status of a young specialist?

Who is recognized as a young specialist according to the Labor Code of the Russian Federation?

Today, the status of a young specialist and the provision of required benefits are practically not regulated at the federal level. There is one legal act that contains a similar provision - Art. 70 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, which prohibits employers from establishing probationary periods when hiring for citizens who graduated from higher institutions and secondary vocational educational institutions less than 12 months ago. According to the Labor Code, a young specialist no longer has any benefits.

If we turn to the very concept of “young specialist”, then it is also not established in the Labor Code. It is also not found in any other federal law. Only based on the content of regional regulatory legal acts, it is possible to highlight main criteria for obtaining the status of a young specialist:

1. Age must not exceed 35 years. In some Russian regions this figure is 30 years.

2. Availability of an appropriate educational base:

• Primary education – lyceum or vocational technical school;
• Higher or secondary vocational education, which was received through a full-time education system in an educational institution accredited at the state level. Some regions establish training on a budget as an additional condition.

3. After training and receiving a diploma, the first work activity should be carried out at a public sector enterprise.

The provision of one-time payments, benefits and other measures of social support for young professionals is established by industry agreements of the relevant departments. If we talk about non-state structures, then such social support will be provided on the basis of local regulations of a particular enterprise.

If you want to receive detailed information about the benefits provided, when applying for a job or immediately after that, you need to ask for the collective agreement of the enterprise for review. In addition, many organizations have provisions regarding the status of a young specialist. These documents detail the working conditions of newly minted specialists, the number and amount of payments, mechanisms for providing social benefits and other important points.

Until what age is the status of a young specialist valid?

Maximum age threshold for a young specialist to receive the required benefits is 30-35 years old. This indicator depends on the region where yesterday’s student works. From the moment the employment contract is concluded, the status will be legal for 3 years. The second time, this status cannot be obtained.

There are a number of cases when the status of a young specialist can be increased to 6 years:

• The specialist is undergoing full-time postgraduate or postgraduate studies.
• During compulsory military service or alternative service.
• A specialist is also available for child care.

What measures exist to support young professionals?

To date, there are no nationwide measures for social support for young professionals. This issue is regulated at the level of regional legislation. In most cases, assistance to young professionals is expressed in the provision of the guarantees below. This:

1. Issuing an interest-free loan for renovation.
2. Upon employment, you can receive a lump sum payment.
3. Subsidies or Or the specialist will be provided with corporate living space.
4. Reimbursement of transportation expenses – monetary compensation is paid.
5. Reimbursement of expenses for the maintenance of preschool children in kindergartens in full or in part.

In this direction, two budget areas have priority: healthcare and education. For example, Decree of the Moscow Government No. 172-PP dated March 23, 2004 in its current version “On measures to provide teaching staff to educational institutions in Moscow” contains the following conditions for yesterday’s student to receive the status of a young specialist:

• Availability of higher pedagogical or secondary vocational education.
• Age should not exceed 35 years.
• The specialist must begin teaching activities no later than 90 days after receiving the diploma.

It is important to know that if a young teacher works in this field, but does not have a special education, this does not serve as a reason for depriving him of the corresponding status. For example, a school teacher who has not yet turned 35 years old, who has a diploma in any profession not related to teaching, also has the right to apply for the title of young specialist.

A lower age threshold has been established for teachers from St. Petersburg. In accordance with the Law of St. Petersburg No. 107-27 “On measures of social support for employees of state educational institutions” dated April 3, 2007 (as amended in 2011), in this field, young specialists are recognized as teachers whose age is not higher than 30 years.

To obtain the status of a young specialist, a school teacher from Saratov must also be no older than 30 years old. This issue can be clarified in the provisions of the law of the Saratov region “On social support for young specialists of public sector institutions of the Saratov region” No. 96-ZSO dated 03.08.2011.

It is important to know: if you are interested in obtaining information about social support for young professionals in a certain region, then you need to contact the territorial unit of the Department of Education at your place of work and residence.

The healthcare system is less liberal in this matter: at the state level, benefits are provided for young specialist doctors and social payments only if they move to rural areas. If we refer to Law No. 326-FZ “On Compulsory Medical Insurance in the Russian Federation” dated November 29, 2010, doctors are entitled to receive compensation payments if the following conditions are met:

• The specialist’s age does not exceed 35 years.
• The employment contract is concluded for a period of at least 5 years.
• Official employment and residence must be in rural areas.

What benefits are available to a young specialist in the field of education?

Similar to the status, benefits and payments to young specialists of municipal educational and government institutions are established at the regional level. For example, in St. Petersburg and Moscow this situation looks like this:

Saint Petersburg

Young teachers in St. Petersburg are not provided with any salary increases, but they have the right to receive a one-time payment in the amount of:

• 6 basic units - specialists who have a state-issued diploma of secondary and higher professional education can apply for them;
• 8 basic units - specialists who have received a diploma of the same level with honors can count on them.

As of January 1, 2015, the size of one basic unit is 8,432.00 rubles. In addition, during the initial 3 years of work, teachers in the northern capital whose age has not exceeded 30 years are required to pay compensation once a month for travel expenses by all types of passenger transport within ½ of the cost. The exception is taxis.

To receive such a payment, you should write an application and contact the social security authority of St. Petersburg or the relevant department of education.

Moscow

In the capital, young specialist teachers are given a one-time cash payment upon official employment. In addition, in the first three years of work, teachers are entitled to a salary supplement - it is 40% of the rate. If the specialist is the holder of a diploma with honors, then this figure will be equal to 50%.

Important information: the amount of additional payments and allowances is calculated without taking into account additional workload. In other words, if a young teacher works at 1.5 times the rate, then the additional payment does not apply to the additional workload.

In addition, in the capital, a young specialist in education receives an additional surcharge - 15% of the rate in order to compensate for ½ of the cost of the ticket.

What assistance is provided to young healthcare professionals

Law No. 326-FZ for newly-minted doctors who moved to rural areas establishes compensation payments in the amount of 1 million rubles as part of the all-Russian social program “Zemsky Doctor”. To receive this payment, you will need to conclude an appropriate agreement with the local government authorities at the place of work.

This allowance is provided only to doctors (specialists) who have a diploma of higher medical education and work in their field. But here one mandatory condition must be met - in order to be provided with monetary compensation, a young specialist doctor must work in a rural area for at least 5 years. And if the doctor decides to resign, he will have to return part of the amount that was previously paid to him.

The state, in addition to monetary payments, is obliged to provide young doctors with housing. This is possible in the following ways:

• The specialist is provided with real estate for living;
• You can compensate part of the loan or
• A plot of land is provided for housing construction.

It is important to know: a one-time payment in the amount of 1,000,000 rubles is of a targeted nature and does not need to pay tax on it. The specialist must spend this money exclusively on improving living conditions.

For example, when the state reimburses part of a loan for the purchase of residential real estate, repayment of the remaining part is assumed from the funds that were paid under the Zemsky Doctor program.

Additional measures of social protection for medical workers in the regions

In many Russian regions, additional incentive measures are established for young doctors who find employment in rural areas. Thus, at the legislative level of the Pskov region, the list of those who are entitled to additional payments includes representatives of nursing staff. They were assigned one-time payments in excess of those provided for by federal legislation:

• Paramedics and nurses – 30,000 rubles;
• Doctors – 100,000 rubles;
• Paramedics and nurses who work in paramedic and obstetric centers - 50,000 rubles.

Young doctors in the Rostov region, even before they receive a diploma, begin to receive financial support from the municipality. For 4th-6th year students of Rostov Medical University, additional payments to the scholarship have been established. And intern doctors have the right to receive a cash payment in the amount of 5,000 rubles every month as an increase in salary - this point does not depend on the course of study.

Do not forget that detailed information about payments to young doctors and benefits in the regions must be obtained from the health department and territorial departments or from local governments. There you will also find out information about the procedure for submitting them. It is important to know that if the region’s budget does not have enough funds, this cannot be a valid reason for refusing to provide cash payments.