At the Severnaya Verf Shipyard, a logistics support vessel...
First, let's make it clear: presentation of a product in a pharmacy is not a sale! Product presentation is only a fifth part of a competent sale. If you use a presentation as a sale, then from the outside it looks like an imposition, the client feels it and refuses your services. And now it’s so unprofitable for a pharmacy to lose a client!
We have already talked about how to conduct a successful sale. How to conduct a successful product presentation?
Rules for successful presentation of goods in a pharmacy
- Any pharmacist should know that successful product presentation always comes after the stage of identifying client needs.
- A successful presentation of a drug is always based on the formula: “characteristics-advantage-benefits”.
- Always offer the client a choice of 2-3 similar drugs in different price categories. This way your presentation will end in a sale 100% of the time, that is, it will be successful.
- Always talk about the client’s benefits from the purchase; this is easy to do if you know his needs.
- A successful presentation should ALWAYS show the client the product you are talking about.
Formula “characteristics-advantage-benefit”
This is the magic formula that makes it easiest to build an effective and, most importantly, convincing presentation of any drug in a pharmacy.
How it works?
- Any pharmacy product has its own permanent characteristics (or properties) - they are written on the product packaging and in the instructions:
- number of tablets per package
- release form
- manufacturer country
- active substance, etc.
- The advantages of the drug are no longer an empty phrase for the buyer; they emphasize the need and importance of purchasing this product, but do not yet convince the client to make a purchase.
- But the client’s benefit from the purchase, which smoothly follows from the advantage, will be convincing. Here the client has nothing to hide, he is convinced that he simply needs this drug. The benefit for the client at the pharmacy will be the repetition of his words about the problem with which he came.
Let's look at it in practice
Take, for example, well-known powders for relieving cold symptoms and a customer request: “Give me something to make me feel better, otherwise I’m completely sick and can’t work.”.
Shulga Yaroslav
Business coach, consultant - column leader
The entire presentation of a medicine, dietary supplement or medical product in most situations is limited to literally 2-3 replicas. Situations when it is possible to thoroughly and without haste present a medicinal product, answer all the client’s questions and objections, and also smoothly lead the latter to a purchase are more likely to be typical for the work of a sales floor consultant, but not for a front desk employee.
Another feature arising from limited time is the inherent lack of subsequent high-quality and result-oriented work with the client’s objections and doubts after the presentation of any product from the pharmacy’s range. Identify all the client’s true objections and doubts, differentiate them from false ones, fully contrast clear and technical argumentation, make sure of its effectiveness, and then move on to the next stage of the sales process... So, due to the specifics of the work of the first desk employee, time for quality “fighting objections” and doing all of the above most likely will not happen.
Moreover, doubts and objections, as a rule, stem from the presentation of the product, or rather from those aspects of it that seemed dubious to the client or remained incomprehensible. That is, the lack of time for a high-quality presentation inevitably leads to doubts and objections, which there is no time to fully combat. The circle is closed.
So, what can you advise the front desk employee, taking into account the specifics of pharmacy retail work? Taking into account the queue, albeit short, but still? Taking into account the limited time for presenting the medicinal product and for subsequent work with possible objections and doubts of the client?
1. It is necessary to ask the buyer clarifying questions that clarify the characteristics of the body’s condition or disease. And in this case, oddly enough, clarifying questions are not a waste of time, but the most important aspect of the presentation, which begins in the pharmacy before the trade name of the drug is spoken. Clarifying questions addressed to the buyer allow you to select the drug that the latter really needs. At the same time, in the eyes of the client, clarifying questions strengthen the authority and professionalism of the front desk employee, who strives not to “sell” anything, but to select what is necessary, taking into account individuality. Clarifying questions, all other things being equal, are guaranteed to increase the effectiveness of the presentation. Clarifying questions are asked to the buyer, as a rule, when requesting a drug “by syndrome, symptom or nosology”: for example, when requesting a cough drug, it is necessary to clarify what kind of cough is bothering you (dry or wet), as well as who exactly is purchasing the drug - an adult or child, etc.
2. It is advisable to “keep pauses.” The most important element of an effective presentation and subsequent purchase is pausing before answering. Short, literally second-long pauses do not take up any time, but are guaranteed to increase the effectiveness of the subsequent presentation of the drug. For example, when asking a buyer from the series “What can you recommend for a runny nose?” - a short and correctly implemented (!) pause before an answer will form the reputation of a thinking employee, which, of course, not only makes the subsequent proposal more effective, but also serves as a prevention of possible objections.
3. When pronouncing out loud the trade name of the drug, it is necessary to add an adjective that characterizes this particular brand. “Adjective” creates value in the eyes of the client, does not take up any time and should be pronounced at the level of automaticity. Value, which can outweigh any, even the highest cost, is formed by such “adjectives” as: effective, safe, modern, innovative, time-tested, etc. Often this “adjective” is the origin of the drug - in general, in Russia they believe in and love the products of manufacturers from Europe and the USA. For example, it is advisable not just to say “I recommend you drug “A””, but “I recommend you such an effective drug as “A”. In a representative sample, a presentation with an “adjective” is much more effective and less susceptible to objections.
4. In conditions of severe time constraints, it is advisable to deal with objections with one or two phrases and more effectively if such phrases are valuable. To any question or objection, for example, regarding price - “why is it so expensive?” It is advisable to answer with the value characteristics of the drug, but not with the financial situation in the country. That is, if you object to the price - “why is it so expensive?” - there is no need to talk about the fact that everything is becoming more expensive - electricity, gasoline, etc. It is much more effective to say out loud some value of the product, for example, “this is a very effective and most modern drug made in Switzerland.”
5. Both when presenting a medicinal product and when subsequently dealing with objections, the technique of “selling benefits” is quite effective. For example, it is advisable to offer a drug not just “I recommend you drug “A””, but in the form of “I recommend you drug “A”, which gets rid of thrush after taking one (semantic emphasis!) capsule.”
6. In conditions of limited time, if it was not possible to counter the buyer’s objections and doubts using the above methods, it is important to forever get rid of such a common habit as voicing closed questions! You should never say “will you buy or not?” - it is more effective in every sense to ask a real question in the form of the wording “will you buy this drug or choose another one for you?”
Happy sales to you!
Merchandising helps a pharmacy: Increase sales and profits; Increase product turnover indicators; Increase the profitability of retail space; Conquering new customers; Provide complete information about the product; Improve the quality of customer service; Form a positive image of the pharmacy.
Goals and objectives of merchandising for buyers: Allows you to quickly select a product; Get acquainted with new types of drugs and other products; Be more free and relaxed when choosing a product; Purchase advantageously presented goods during an unplanned purchase. Experience the pleasure of making a purchase, being in the pharmacy and communicating with the front desk employees.
Atmosphere of a pharmacy Atmosphere is a psychological feeling that arises in a consumer when visiting a pharmacy (this feeling determines the character of the pharmacy). Atmosphere is a psychological feeling that a consumer experiences when visiting a pharmacy (this feeling determines the character of the pharmacy).
Air temperature Air temperature It's nice to be in a cool pharmacy when it's 30 degrees outside! And how you don’t want to leave the warm and cozy pharmacy hall into the severe winter weather raging with a blizzard! The most pleasant temperature for customers - degrees of heat - can be achieved using an air conditioner.
Rules for installing lighting It is necessary to calculate the intensity of lighting, taking into account both artificial and natural. The light can be general - a neutral color or highlighting (to focus attention on a separate object) - light of a certain shade. Choose the color and shade of lighting. It should not be cold, giving the impression of a hospital. Warm shades of light create a feeling of comfort and tranquility in the pharmacy.
Lighting should be evenly distributed throughout the sales area. You can focus attention on certain areas using lighting. Limit glare and reflected color effects. Do not allow the product to overheat from lighting fixtures. To highlight individual shelves, lighting should be three times brighter than that used in the sales area.
Cool tones (shades of blue, cyan or green) on the contrary, calm people down. This is due to the fact that people associate white with purity, blue with the sea, green with the forest. You can reduce activity using cool tones in places with large crowds of people, for example in the cash register area. It is unacceptable to use black and brown colors, which evoke sad thoughts.
Color by season When decorating windows for a holiday or a specific season, you can use suitable colors. For example, for the New Year you can add green and silver colors to the overall background, and on the eve of the summer season - yellow ones, reminiscent of sand.
Placing goods on display The absence of goods on the shelves is suicide for a pharmacy; simply having goods on the shelves is just a defense against competitors, and only the correct placement of goods is an attack and success. The absence of goods on the shelves is suicide for a pharmacy, the mere presence of goods on the shelves is just a defense against competitors, and only the correct placement of goods is an attack and success. Merchandiser's motto.
2. Categories. 2. Categories. A pharmacy visitor should be able to navigate and find the drugs he needs; Do not use professional and unclear names to categorize the display case such as “Diuretics”, “Mucolytics”, “Sorbents”, etc.
3. Next to the name. 3. Next to the name. The location of the drug near the rubricator increases the volume of its sales; In this case, the rubricator serves as a guide to attract the attention of the buyer, and, accordingly, the drug or product located next to it.
4. Near the top seller. 4. Near the top seller. The location of the drug next to the most popular product increases its airflow; The rule is based on the fact that a well-known drug immediately catches the buyer's eye. The place with the best sales is good for new products and promoted drugs.
6. The principle of “castle walls”. 6. The principle of “castle walls”. The principle of borrowing popularity from “weak” products from “stronger” ones is used starting and ending with “strong” products in a row on the shelf; 7. The striped principle. 7. The striped principle. Products with low prices alternate with more expensive ones, but the spread of prices should not be too large;
8. Mass display. 8. Mass display. Mainly for open sale pharmacies; Sales increase in proportion to the number of simultaneously visible front sides of the product. During a mass display, the visitor gets the feeling that this product is in high demand and causes an association with the low price and availability of the product.
10. Replenishment of the display case. 10. Replenishment of the display case. Promotion of goods from the back row to the front row for self-service pharmacies should be carried out according to the tested and proven “FIFO” principle - “First in, first out”; This avoids problems with expiration dates.
11. Backlight. 11. Backlight. The use of lighting allows you to highlight a product in a display window or in a less advantageous place on the sales floor; The lighting should attract the buyer, but not blind him. Care must be taken to ensure that the product is not spoiled or damaged as a result of overheating.
12. Price tags. 12. Price tags. Price is an important criterion when making a purchasing decision; The price must be clearly marked and clearly visible to the buyer. The price tag should not cover the packaging or the name of the drug. You cannot use price tags designed in different styles.
Types of advertising Informative - informs about a new drug, explains the principle of action of the drug, etc. Persuasive - forms a preference for a particular brand or drug, promotes switching attention to another brand, etc. Reminding – reminds the buyer that he may need this product in the near future.
Functions of advertising in a pharmacy Localization. Localization. Informing. Informing. Orientation. Orientation. Zoning. Zoning. Motivation. Motivation. Exhibition – attracting additional attention to the product by highlighting the place where it is displayed. Exhibition – attracting additional attention to the product by highlighting the place where it is displayed. Branding is a reminder of the existence of a product. Branding is a reminder of the existence of a product.
Outdoor advertising Sidewalk graphics – stickers with a protective surface. Sidewalk graphics – stickers with a protective surface. Signboard, illuminated display – located above the entrance to the pharmacy. Signboard, illuminated display – located above the entrance to the pharmacy. Bracket is a structure attached to the end of a building. Bracket is a structure attached to the end of a building. Signposts are remote floor structures. Signposts are remote floor structures.
Indoor advertising Posters are wall advertising media. Posters are wall advertising media. Advertising leaflet is a standard format page with text informing about a specific product. Advertising leaflet is a standard format page with text informing about a specific product. Stickers or stickers - attached next to the product itself, directly on the product or the front door. Stickers or stickers - attached next to the product itself, directly on the product or the front door. Catalogs are directories containing a list of products with photographs. Catalogs are directories containing a list of products with photographs. Brochures are advertising material with a predominance of photographs and diagrams. Brochures are advertising material with a predominance of photographs and diagrams.
A booklet is a small-sized advertising material, made in color on good paper with drawings and photographs. A booklet is a small-sized advertising material, made in color on good paper with drawings and photographs. Shelf talkers are designed to highlight a range of products of one brand - they are fixed at the end of the shelf. Shelf talkers are designed to highlight a range of products of one brand - they are fixed at the end of the shelf. Shelf organizers - help to visually isolate part of the shelf and organize the display in this part. Shelf organizers - help to visually isolate part of the shelf and organize the display in this part. Mobiles are hanging models of a product made larger than life-size. Placed under the ceiling or on a display case. Mobiles are hanging models of a product made larger than life-size. Placed under the ceiling or on a display case.
Wobblers are advertising images on a movable leg, which are attached to the surface at one end, attracting attention due to vibration. Wobblers are advertising images on a movable leg, which are attached to the surface at one end, attracting attention due to vibration. Dummies are life-size copies of goods or their packaging. Dummies are life-size copies of goods or their packaging. Saucers for accepting money are located near the cash register. Saucers for accepting money are located near the cash register. Souvenir products - bags, calendars with advertisements for pharmacies or goods, wall calendars, pens. Souvenir products - bags, calendars with advertisements for pharmacies or goods, wall calendars, pens.
Performed by students of group 394: Mikhaleva I.E. Petrukhina V.A.
Slide 2
Merchandising is a set of activities aimed at increasing retail sales. It is based on knowledge and consideration of human physiology and the psychology of his behavior during the purchase process.
Slide 3: Merchandising elements:
concept of the place, appearance of the pharmacy, organizational design, equipment and equipment of workplaces, placement of goods
Slide 4: Merchandising activities include:
Slide 5: Three main conditions of merchandising:
The available assortment must meet the buyer’s needs; - everything should be clear to the buyer with minimal explanation from the seller; - furnishings, service, advertising and the atmosphere as a whole should inspire confidence and a sense of comfort in the buyer.
Slide 6: Pharmacy atmosphere
Of course, a pharmacy begins with a sign. And also from the street storefront and the facade as a whole. An original solution for the appearance of a pharmacy will arouse the interest of a passerby and turn him into a curious visitor. It is enough to cite this fact: according to surveys, the majority of visitors to the pharmacy chain "36.6" visited the pharmacy of this chain for the first time, attracted by its design and unusual name.
Slide 7: Pharmacy atmosphere
An important factor is the rational use of pharmacy space. Buyers should not bump into each other. Another component that shapes the atmosphere of a pharmacy is lighting. It should be optimal so that the buyer does not have to strain his eyesight or squint from too bright light. It is desirable that the light has a warm tint or is neutral white.
Slide 8: Pharmacy atmosphere
Homogeneous fields are fields that give the impression of emptiness, such as large expanses of bare walls. Aggressive fields are spaces in which a large number of similar elements are located, for example, bars on several windows. To get rid of the effects of aggressive and homogeneous fields, you can use various design elements: additional advertising media, landscaping, paintings on the walls
Slide 9: Pharmacy atmosphere
The atmosphere of a trading floor is also determined by its temperature. The most comfortable temperature for consumers is considered to be 16-18 degrees!
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Slide 10: Pharmacy layout: where will the customer go?
In a modern pharmacy, two main types of layout are accepted: a counter-type pharmacy and a pharmaceutical market (self-service pharmacy).
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Slide 11: When planning departments, it is necessary to take into account some patterns of customer behavior:
Approximately 95 percent of visitors stop after going through a third of the pharmacy space. As a rule, the buyer wants to find what he needs without walking long distances or returning to the same place several times. Most buyers are right-handed; they prefer to walk straight and tend to look and take goods that are on the right. When walking around the hall, most customers turn left - counterclockwise.
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Slide 12: Strengths and weaknesses:
Strengths: - shelves on the right side in the direction of customer movement; - places with good frontal visibility; - space near the cash register; - final departments. Weak points: - shelves on the left side in the direction of customers; - corners of the trading floor; - places near the entrance to the pharmacy.
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Slide 13: Product display: everything is in full view
The buyer's main attention is drawn to the central group of products on the shelf. If you want to draw attention to a particular product, place it in the center of the shelf. Priority items are displayed at eye level or slightly higher. It is advisable that the product be available at arm's length. Small packages should be at the top (this makes it easier to see the packaging), and large packages should be at the bottom.
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Slide 14: Display methods:
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Slide 15: Display methods:
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Slide 16: Write legibly!
It is better for a non-professional not to use slanted inscriptions; it is not recommended to use hard-to-read fonts (Gothic, with curlicues, etc.), especially on price tags; white inscription on a black background looks larger and optically closer to the visitor, but one should not go too far: the abundance of black color depresses the psyche; in one ad - no more than two different fonts; the color of the font should stand out against the background; inscriptions on white are perceived as an ordinary document, attracting less attention than a colored background; Small font is boring. Write legibly!
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Slide 17: Magnetic products
The route that customers take around the pharmacy can and should be adjusted to ensure that all areas of the store are visited with high frequency. This is achieved through so-called lure goods or magnet goods. By placing a popular product at the end of the hall and at the same time indicating its location using “silent reference” and other merchandising tools, you will “force” the buyer to go through the entire pharmacy to the treasured product. Along the way, he will get acquainted with products that he simply had not seen before.
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Slide 18: Signs and signs!
The so-called “silent reference tools” help regulate the movement of consumer flow, indicating the location of groups of goods and payment nodes. Pointers are made in the form of inscriptions or symbols. Symbols, like inscriptions, must be easily recognizable.
The information display informs the buyer about the goods available for sale. The product is accompanied by brochures and posters; display-consultation introduces the quality and methods of application. The emphasis is on the possibilities of using the product. a reminder display reminds of related products and creates an image of the product. Pictures and advertising appeals predominate here.
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Slide 20: Priority Seating Rule
Priority in display should be given to: - the most expensive and profitable goods; - actively advertised products; - goods of impulse (unpredictable) demand.
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Slide 21: Conclusion
Pharmaceutical activity can be represented as a multicomponent system, which includes several areas: commercial activities, promotion technologies, marketing tools, ethical standards, and has a tendency to develop in all these areas of activity. Despite this, there are many factors influencing pharmacy retail in general. As a result, the use of merchandising technology in pharmacy retail, and especially the use of advertising tools, is becoming widespread.
Slide 1
Topic: “Occupational hygiene in pharmacies” Teacher Lamakina I.V.
Slide 2
Plan: Working conditions for pharmacy workers and harmful production factors in pharmacy organizations (pharmacies). Health status and morbidity of pharmacy workers. Sanitary and hygienic requirements for personnel of pharmacy organizations (pharmacies).
Slide 3
The work of pharmacists and pharmacists in pharmacy organizations is one of the unique, complex and intense types of work activity. Pharmacy workers are exposed to unfavorable microclimatic conditions, environmental factors, low-intensity work and high neuropsychic stress.
Slide 4
The physical component of the work activity of pharmacy workers does not go beyond the limits of moderate severity, however, visual tension and neuro-emotional stress due to the need to solve non-stereotypical tasks (preparing medicines according to individual, non-standard prescriptions, greater moral responsibility for the quality of manufactured medicines, contact with patients, etc. ) require a lot of attention to this profession.
Slide 5
The work of the main production groups of personnel in a pharmacy is associated with significant stress on individual organs. The organ of vision experiences the most significant stress, since pharmacy workers perform: a large volume of technological operations associated with distinguishing small objects, the color of medicinal raw materials and finished medicinal products, the turbidity of mixtures, determining the uniformity of mixtures, powders, reading recipes, labels, etc. Therefore, there is a need to ensure the most favorable lighting in the production premises of the pharmacy that meets hygienic standards.
Slide 6
Surveys of pharmacy staff showed that when working in low light conditions, visual strain is observed. Irritability, weakening of attention, loss of coordination of movements occurs, and myopia develops; More often than other professional groups, it threatens pharmacists-technologists, technologists-analysts, and pharmacists. Myopia can occur as a result of the fact that insufficient lighting intensity creates the need to look at an object, bringing it very close to the eyes. Frequently changing the position of the eyes from one brightness level to another also causes severe fatigue. This phenomenon can occur in a pharmacist-technologist and a pharmacist when moving their eyes, when weighing on an analytical balance, examining small suspensions in solutions, or counting divisions on pipettes.
Slide 7
This can gradually lead to asthenopia and rapid eye fatigue. This condition is characterized by symptoms such as pain in the eye area, blurred vision, general fatigue and headache. In this regard, the pharmacy must create such conditions of natural and artificial lighting that take into account the nature of the work being performed and provide the opportunity to see small details without visual strain. Uniformity of lighting is of great importance.
Slide 8
Pharmacy personnel often perform work in a forced position. Thus, in a forced standing position it is possible: development of flat feet, pain in the legs, cramps of the calf muscles, varicose veins, thrombophlebitis. It is necessary to alternate standing and sitting positions. Working while sitting causes curvature of the spine, increased intra-abdominal pressure, and congestion in the pelvis (dysfunction of the female genital organs, hemorrhoids). It is very important to change your working position, alternate types of work, and use a swivel chair. In the assistant's room, during work, the small muscles of the hands and fingers become overstrained when performing monotonous and small movements (hanging, packaging powders, measuring liquid from a burette or pipette), hence the development of diseases such as myositis, convulsions, and coordination neuroses.
Slide 9
To prevent the impact of these factors, it is necessary to take measures aimed at: correct equipment of workplaces, provision of technological and organizational equipment with means of complex and small-scale mechanization. Workplaces should be so comfortable as not to cause disturbances associated with incorrect body position and ensure high labor productivity . The design of tables and chairs must correspond to the characteristics of the workers’ bodies and be comfortable during work (movable, rotating structures, etc.) It is advisable to change activities and types of work. It is necessary to reduce and, if possible, completely eliminate the use of manual labor when packaging powders, capping vials, packaging solutions and other operations.
Slide 10
For a group of administrative and economic workers, the leading unfavorable factors are the neuropsychic load and moral responsibility for all types of work in a pharmacy. They are characterized by the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, and neurasthenia. The issue of the relationship between pharmacy employees and visitors and behavior in conflict situations is extremely important. Pharmacy employees must master the skills and methods of positively influencing visitors: goodwill, empathy, suggestion, and persuasion.
Slide 11
Exposure to drugs and harmful chemicals An unfavorable factor in the working environment in a pharmacy includes direct exposure to drugs during their manufacturing process. If the sanitary and hygienic regime of the technological process is violated and the rules of personal hygiene are not observed, medications in the form of dust or aerosols can enter the body of workers through the air through the lungs, skin and mucous membranes. The most unfavorable are those technological operations during which medicinal dust, which is a biologically and physiologically active substance, is released into the air.
Slide 12
Characterizing medicinal dust from this point of view, it should be noted that most of its types are highly dispersed aerosols. 96-98% of them consist of dust particles less than 5 microns in size. As a result, almost all drug aerosols are highly stable in the air and are able to penetrate deeply into the lungs. Penetrating the skin, mucous membranes, and the respiratory system, the aerosol can have a specific adverse effect: toxic, irritating, allergic, etc. For example, many broad-spectrum antibiotics have toxic, allergenic properties and cause dysbacteriosis. In pharmacy workers, exposure to medicinal dust can cause severe forms of the disease, since during the working day they can receive a dose significantly higher than the daily therapeutic dose during treatment.
Slide 13
Higher concentrations of medicinal dust are found in storerooms (material) during in-pharmacy packaging of drugs, medicinal semi-finished products, medicinal herbs, in the assistant's room during the direct production of drugs and especially complex medicinal mixtures. To prevent the adverse effects of toxic substances and drug dust on the body of pharmacy workers, it is necessary to carry out a number of preventive measures: Sanitary facilities play a major role in improving the working conditions of pharmacy workers: air conditioning systems, adequate lighting, timely supply of cold and hot water, rational ventilation system , which makes it possible to promptly remove gaseous impurities and dust from the air of industrial premises, as well as not to pollute the air of administrative and household rooms.
Slide 14
Rational layout of premises. Their relative position should ensure the impossibility of the penetration of polluted air from one room to another. So. the aseptic unit should be located away from the washing, assistant, and packaging areas; administrative and household premises must be isolated from production premises. It is necessary to use minor mechanization of such heavy and labor-intensive processes as packaging liquids from large containers to small ones, filtering, sifting, grinding, etc. This reduces the penetration of drug dust onto the skin, mucous membranes and into the respiratory tract. The use of personal protective equipment for the respiratory system and skin is mandatory. It is necessary to observe the rules of personal hygiene and thoroughly wash your hands after working with toxic substances. Eating in workplaces is prohibited, especially in the assistant's room and storerooms.
Slide 15
Exposure to noise. The noise level in pharmacies is caused by both external noise coming from the street and internal noise. The main source of external noise is urban transport. Indoor noise is created mainly by the operation of ventilation units, water supply and sewerage systems, electric vacuum pumps, motor units and washing machines. This equipment generates at a level of 40-49 dB. When studying the performance of pharmacy workers, a sharp decrease in performance was found even at a noise intensity of 45 dB. For pharmacy premises, it is recommended to set the noise level to no more than 30 dB, since more intense noise contributes to an increase in the number of errors in the manufacture of medicines. In order to combat noise in pharmacies, it is necessary to use the principle of isolation, namely, equip all units and devices with noise barriers and place them in separate rooms.
Slide 16
Impact of microclimatic factor. If the sanitary regime is violated, unfavorable microclimatic conditions may be created in pharmacies. The impact of this harmful factor is experienced primarily by those working in the washing, distillation and sterilization and sales areas. In the washing room there is high humidity and elevated air temperature, which has a negative effect on the human body: thermoregulation processes are disrupted and heat transfer by evaporation becomes difficult, which leads to overheating. In the sterilization-distillation and sterilization rooms, the increase in air temperature is caused by the heating of various apparatus drying cabinets, sterilizers, distillation apparatuses, etc. To create optimal microclimatic conditions in these rooms, it is necessary to install effectively working general supply and exhaust ventilation.
Slide 17
The sales area and basement are classified as rooms with a cooling microclimate. In a sales area, especially in the cold season, the air can become significantly cooler due to the constant movement of visitors and the opening of the outer door. In this regard, unfavorable conditions are created for the work of pharmacists-technologists, pharmacists and cashiers. To eliminate this factor, the pharmacy must have an insulated vestibule with an air thermal curtain. The low temperature and high humidity in the basement is explained by the direct contact of the walls with the soil. Therefore, when constructing a building, to avoid dampness and wetting of the walls, the level of groundwater is taken into account (at least 1.5 m). Basement premises of pharmacies must be equipped with supply and exhaust general ventilation.
Slide 18
Sanitary and hygienic requirements for pharmacy personnel Employees of pharmacy organizations involved in the manufacture, control, packaging of medicines and processing of pharmaceutical glassware, as well as those in contact with finished products, undergo a medical examination upon entry to work, and subsequently a preventive examination in accordance with current orders of the Ministry of Health RF. The results of the inspections are recorded in the sanitary book. Each employee must notify management personnel of any deviations in health status. Employees with infectious diseases or damaged skin are not allowed to work. Identified patients are sent for treatment and rehabilitation. Admission to work is carried out only if there is a certificate from a health care facility confirming recovery. Personnel are required to follow the rules of personal hygiene and industrial sanitation, and wear technical clothing appropriate for the operations performed.
Slide 19
Sanitary clothing and sanitary footwear are issued to pharmacy workers in accordance with current standards, taking into account the production operations performed. Sanitary clothing must be changed at least 2 times a week, and towels for personal use must be changed daily. A set of special clothing for personnel working under aseptic conditions must be sterile before starting work. It is advisable to provide distinctive signs in the sanitary clothing of personnel, for example, workwear or its parts of a color other than white, in order to more easily recognize violations of the order of personnel movement in the aseptic zone, between rooms or outside the aseptic unit, in other production areas.
Slide 20
Particular attention should be paid to the selection and training of production personnel to work under aseptic conditions. The staff of the aseptic unit must have, in addition to special knowledge and practical work experience, knowledge of the basics of hygiene and microbiology in order to consciously comply with sanitary requirements and rules, must be prepared for possible inconveniences in work associated with systematic hand washing and a strictly defined sequence of changing clothes, use rubber gloves on hands.
Slide 21
For production personnel, on the basis of existing documents, the following should be developed and strengthened in the right places: rules of personal hygiene for entering and exiting premises, cleaning regulations, rules for transporting products and materials in accordance with the progress of the technological process, etc. Rules and measures of personal hygiene, including requirements for use sanitary clothing must be applied to everyone entering production premises. Pharmacy organizations must provide the necessary composition of sanitary facilities for staff: dressing rooms with individual cabinets, a wardrobe of outerwear and shoes, showers and toilets, rooms for eating and rest.
