Presentation on the topic "welder profession". Welding presentation for a lesson on the topic Download presentation welder

Where did the Russian name “WELDING” come from?

• in English
• Welding: welding
• in German
• Welding: Schweißen
• French
• Welding: soudage, soudure
• in Italian
• Welding: saldatura
• in Spanish
• Welding: soldadura, pegadura
• in Ukrainian
• Welding: welding, welding
• in Kazakh
• Welding: psiru, danekerleu

Svarog is the blacksmith god, one of the most powerful gods of ancient Slavic mythology. According to some researchers, he is the supreme god of the Eastern Slavs, heavenly fire.

• Svarozhich - the son of the god Svarog; among the ancient Slavs, Svarozhich personified earthly fire. Svarozhich is the god of fire, he came from the sky, from the sun.

• True, in tune with the word
• "WELDING"?

Back in 1750, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Georg Wilhelm Richmann, studying atmospheric electricity, wrote that its energy can be used to quickly melt metals. But there was no real basis for such reasoning yet...

• At a later time, scientists proved that the temperature in a lightning discharge can reach 277,000C, which is 5 times hotter than the surface of the Sun

A start:

• 1802...
• Summing up my many years
• research, professor
• St. Petersburg Medical
• surgical academy
• Vasily Vladimirovich Petrov
• will publish his discovery
• – electrical phenomenon
• arc discharge, and proves
• possibility of its use
• for melting metals. These
• research laid the foundation
• development of arc welding
• metals.

• 1761-1834

1882... Russian engineer Nikolai Nikolaevich Benardos opens the method of electric arc welding with a non-consumable carbon electrode. Moreover, studies of the drawings, drawings and patents of this unique person and greatest scientist allow us to unequivocally state that essentially all types of manual and automatic arc welding used today were proposed by him. Installation of N.N. Benardos for welding with a non-consumable carbon electrode For his invention, N.N. Benardos in detail

• For his invention N.N. Benardos in detail
• developed various devices and
• individual technological methods:
• types of welded joints (butt, lap, rivet, etc.) have been developed and are still used today;
• bevel of edges was used when welding metals of significant thickness;
• flanging of edges when welding thin sheets was proposed;
• the need to create a gap between the parts to be welded was determined, the size of which depends on the thickness of the products being joined;
• fluxes were used in welding steel and copper;
• tubular electrodes have been proposed;
• a range of electrode holders for arc welding has been created;
• a device for welding sheets with a vertical seam with its forced formation is proposed;
• a method for manufacturing spiral-welded pipes has been developed;
• a device for indirect arc welding is proposed;
• An arc welding installation with automatic arc control has been developed.

Devices proposed by N.N.Benardos: 1888...

• 1888...
• Russian engineer
• Nikolai Gavrilovich Slavyanov
• suggested welding
• melting uncovered
• metal electrodes.
• He also owns the creation
• first automatic
• arc length regulator and the first welding generator.

• He was the first to protect the weld pool with flux, apply preheating of the metal and invent the world's first mechanism for semi-automatic feeding of an electrode rod into the welding zone -
• "electric smelter"

• N.G. Slavyanov abandons the bulky battery of N.N. Benardos, uses a 1000 A dynamo he developed and thus creates the world's first welding generator.

• In order to maintain a constant arc length during welding, N. G. Slavyanov developed and implemented an ingenious semi-automatic device for feeding a metal electrode into the arc, called a “melter”. The melter was suspended on a chain above the product being welded.

• This is a twelve-sided prism weighing 5 kilograms 330 grams, with a height of 210 millimeters. Having alloyed together nickel, steel, bell bronze, tombak (an alloy of copper and zinc), cast iron, copper, nickel silver (a group of silver-colored copper-zinc-nickel alloys), bronze, N.N. Slavyanov proved that his method allows welding not only black , but also non-ferrous metals.

• The famous “glass” of N.N. Slavyanov

• At the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago, he received a gold medal with the wording
• "For the technical revolution"

• 1905...
• Russian engineer
• (later academician)
• Vladimir Fedorovich Mitkevich
• For the first time in the world, he proposed the use of a three-phase arc for welding metals.
• In the 30s he created circuits of single-phase and three-phase rectifiers, which are still used today

• With the name of the academician
• Viktor Petrovich Vologdin
• associated with the world's first industrial production of welded boilers and ship hulls (1924 - 1935), the development and practical use (1935 - 1939) of coated consumable electrodes with thin ionizing (chalk) coatings, the development and implementation in 40 - years of submerged arc welding technology.

• It was V.P. Vologdin
• built and launched the first ship in the USSR (ZhS-6) that had an all-welded hull , and was also the initiator of the construction of welded ships such as “Sedov”, “Sevmorput”, “Levanevsky”. Even during the Vladivostok period of his life, he built: heating boilers, locomotive boilers, was engaged in ship boiler building, made tanks and tanks, supports for conveyors.
• In addition, he was the founder of the welding specialty in the USSR.

• He developed the first curriculum for it, a system of notation for welded joints on drawings, state standards for electrodes, welding quality control, and for the first time began teaching a welding course. And already in 1930, the first three mechanical engineers of the welding specialty appeared in our country.

• first

• All-welded
• icebreaker boat

Welding shop and welding team of V.P. Vologdin

• 1932...
• Soviet scientist, academician
• Konstantin Konstantinovich Khrenov
• for the first time in the world in the Soviet Union
• under his leadership, arc welding was carried out under water.

• He also developed: power supplies for arc and contact welding, ceramic fluxes, electrode coatings, cold pressure welding methods, gas press welding and plasma cutting.
• Contributed to the development:
• methods of welding cast iron, gas press welding, flaw detection of welded joints.

• 1948...
• under the guidance of professor
• Konstantin Vasilievich Lyubavsky
• welding was developed and implemented for the first time in the world
• in a carbon dioxide environment.

• With the name of the family dynasty
• Patonov - Evgeniy Oskarovich
• and Boris Evgenievich
• associated creation in the early 50s electroslag welding

• Evgeniy Oskarovich

• Boris Evgenievich

• At the international exhibition in Brussels in 1958, this type of welding was awarded a large gold medal “Grand Prix” and received the unofficial name
• "Russian welding".

• Under their leadership, the following took place: improvement of welding methods and technologies, development and implementation of inert gas arc welding, mechanized and automatic welding.
• The founder of the dynasty, academician E.O. Paton was the initiator, organizer and first director of the Welding Institute
• (IES) in our country.

• 1964...
• Soviet scientists
• Alexander Mikhailovich Prokhorov
• Nikolai Gennadievich Basov
• Together with the American scientist Charles Townes, they were awarded the Nobel Prize for the creation of a maser and laser.
• This predetermined the emergence of laser welding.

• Welding in space...

• 1969...
• for the first time in the world by Soviet cosmonauts
• V. Kubasov and G. Shonin
• Automatic welding was performed in space.
• 1984...
• Soviet cosmonauts
• V. Savitskaya and A. Dzhanibekov
• performed in outer space for the first time in the world
• manual arc welding, soldering and metal cutting.

FIRST IN THE WORLD...

• 1802- V.V. Petrov discovered the phenomenon of voltaic electric
• arc and indicated that the appearing “white light or flame,
• from which these coals ignite faster or slower,
• and from which the dark peace can be quite clearly illuminated.”
• 1803- V.V. Petrov published the book “News about galvanization”
• voltaic experiments...", where he described methods for making a voltaic
• pole, the phenomenon of electric arc and the possibility of its use
• for lighting, electric welding and electric soldering of metals.
• 1882- N. N. Benardos invented electric welding with
• using carbon electrodes.
• 1888- N. G. Slavyanov was the first in the world to put into practice
• arc welding with a metal (consumable) electrode under a layer
• flux. In the presence of the state commission, he cooked
• crankshaft of a steam engine.
• 1893- At the World Exhibition in Chicago, N. G. Slavyanov received
• gold medal for electric welding under a layer of crushed glass with
• with the wording – “For the technical revolution made.”

1905- V.F. Mitkevich was the first in the world to propose using

• 1905- V.F. Mitkevich was the first in the world to propose using
• three-phase arc for welding metals.
• 1932- K.K. Khrenov for the first time in the world in the Soviet Union
• arc welding was carried out under water.
• 1939- E. O. Paton developed automatic welding technology
• submerged arc, welding fluxes and heads for automatic welding,
• electric welded tank turrets, electric welded bridge.
• 1948– K.V. Lyubavsky developed and implemented for the first time in the world
• electric welding of metal in a carbon dioxide environment.
• 1953– E. O. and B. E. Paton developed electroslag welding,
• having no limit on the thickness of the metal being welded.
• 1958– At the international exhibition in Brussels, EHS received a gold medal
• medal "Grand Prix" and the unofficial name "Russian Welding".
• 1964– A.M. Prokhorov, N.G. Bass discovery of maser and laser
• predetermined the emergence of laser welding.
• 1969– V. Kubasov and G. Shonin were the first in the world to conduct an automatic
• welding in space.
• 1984– V. Savitskaya and A. Dzhanibekov for the first time in the world in space conditions
• Performed manual welding, soldering and metal cutting.

Thank you for attention!

1 slide

TOPIC: WELDING Connections of machine parts Welded connections Classification and types of welded joints (seams) Butt joint Connections with overlays Calculation of welded joints

2 slide

Permanent connections Permanent connections are those connections whose separation is impossible without destroying the parts being connected or the connecting material. These include rivet, welded, adhesive, soldered, and tension joints.

3 slide

Welded joints Welding is a technological process of obtaining a permanent connection of metal or non-metallic parts using heating (to a plastic or molten state

4 slide

Classification and types of welded joints (seams) Classification. Welds are classified according to the following criteria: - according to purpose - strong (provide load transfer from one element to another); durable and tight (ensures the transfer of loads to the tightness of the connection - impermeability to liquids and gases); - according to the location of the weld in space (Fig. 3) - lower (a); vertical (c), horizontal (b); ceiling (g). All other things being equal, the bottom seam is the strongest, the ceiling seam is the least strong (the strength values ​​of the above seams are in the ratio 1:0.85; 0.9:0.8). Based on the relative position of the elements being welded, the following types of joints are distinguished: The sliding friction force is directly proportional to the normal pressure force; Ftr = f·N, where N is the normal pressure force; f – sliding friction coefficient.

5 slide

Butt connection Lap joint: a - connection with frontal seams; b - connection with flank seams

6 slide

Butt joint designs. Butt welds are predominantly common due to the simplicity of the design. Depending on the thickness of the parts being welded and the processing of the edges, butt welds are divided into the following types: - seam with flanged edges (Fig. 8, a) - recommended for thin sheet materials (8< 2 мм); одна или две кромки деталей отбортовываются; - односторонний без скоса кромок (рис. 8, б) - шов сваривается без обработки кромок листов при их толщине 8 < 8 мм; - односторонний со скосом одной кромки (рис. 8, в) - обрабатыва ется только одна кромка деталей толщиной 8 < 12 мм; - односторонний со скосом двух кромок (рис. 8, г) - применяется при толщине деталей 8 < 25 мм; - двусторонний с двумя симметричными скосами одной кромки (рис. 8, д) - кромки обрабатываются у одной детали с двух сто рон, толщиной 8 до 40 мм; - двусторонний с двумя симметричными скосами двух кромок (рис. 8, е) - толщина свариваемых деталей 8 >> 60 mm

7 slide

Butt connections: a - with flange; b - without beveled edges; c, d, e, f - seams with beveled edges

8 slide

Design of corner (roller) seams. Fillet welds are used in lap joints, in joints with overlays, in T-joints and corner joints. In terms of strength, they are inferior to butt seams. According to the cross-sectional profile, fillet welds can be: - normal (Fig. 10, a); the leg of the seam is assumed to be equal to the thickness of the sheet (K = 5); - concave (Fig. 10, b) with weld leg K = 0.85; - convex (Fig. 10, c); - special (Fig. 10, d); their profile represents an isosceles right triangle (one of the legs K = δ). Types of fillet welds: a - normal; b - concave; c - convex; g - special

Slide 9

“Electronic surveillance” - Observation of objects with which direct contact is impossible. Measuring optical devices include: Reconnaissance can be carried out from open and hidden observation posts to a depth of several kilometers. Field of view (angle of view) - from 5 to 12 degrees. Advantages of EO and TV surveillance equipment.

“Electrical devices” - Types of electrical wiring. Alternating current. Goals and objectives. Clamps. Closed. Fundamental Question: What do we know about (Electrical Engineering). Sockets. Circuit breakers. Iron. Direct current. TV. Electromagnetic. Electric motors. Combined. Lamp sockets, etc. Electrical engineering. Subject studied:

“Use of DC Current” - Areas of application of DC systems (stationary batteries). Energy (power plants, substations, power supply systems) Telecommunications systems Mobile communications Uninterruptible power supply units Backup power supply for emergency lighting systems Energy storage devices in solar panels Power systems that meet increased safety requirements (for example, public and medical institutions) Computer centers Automation systems for industrial and technological processes Power supplies sea-based assets.

“Electric car” - Disadvantages of an electric car. The first automobile, built in 1769, had a steam engine. Future plans. Agassi-founded Better Place is already deploying a network of 150,000 charging points and 100 battery replacement stations in Israel. Renault Fluence ZE. An electric car is a modern car. The engines were large and very heavy.

“Refrigeration units” - The advantages of central multi-compressor refrigeration stations. Tests. Refrigeration units in breweries. The first refrigeration unit. Refrigeration equipment. The heart of the food industry. In which city was refrigeration first used? Where was refrigeration used for the first time?

“TV” - To improve reflectivity, one side of the grille is coated with gold. The principle of operation of televisions. Also, the screen (on the reverse side) is smeared with a special substance - phosphor. An example is the large-screen Trinitron from Sony. Plasma TVs. Now we will figure out how the video signal is transmitted.

There are 12 presentations in total

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Slide captions:

TECHNOLOGY OF ARC WELDING OF NON-FERROUS METALS (ALLOYS)

Main features (difficulties) of welding these metals (alloys) COPPER AND ITS ALLOYS 1- Easy formation of oxide in the molten state; 2 – Tendency to form burning cracks and microcracks (hydrogen fear of copper); 3 - Increased fluidity; 4 – Tendency to grain growth; 5 – The need for preheating. Main types of welding 1. Coated electrode made of copper (alloys of brass, bronze); 2. Carbon electrode with filler wire and flux; 3. Manual argon arc and plasma welding.

Main features (difficulties) of welding these metals (alloys) ALUMINUM AND ITS ALLOYS 1- Formation of refractory and heavy oxide; 2- Tendency to form hot cracks; 3- Tendency to increased porosity, especially AMG alloys; 4- No visible weld pool during gas welding. Main types of welding 1. Covered electrode made of aluminum (alloy); 2. Carbon electrode with filler wire and flux; 3. Manual argon arc and plasma welding.

Main features (difficulties) of welding these metals (alloys) MAGNESIUM AND ITS ALLOYS 1- Formation of refractory oxide; 2- Formation of a coarse-grained structure; 3- The appearance of pores and cracks. Main types of welding 1. Carbon electrode with filler wire and flux; 2. Manual argon arc and plasma welding.

Main features (difficulties) of welding these metals (alloys) TITANIUM AND ITS ALLOYS 1- Intensive absorption of harmful gases - oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen (heat-resistant titanium alloys do not lose their properties when heated to 500...600); 2- a sharp decrease in plastic properties due to the penetration of harmful gases into the metal; 3- Formation of a coarse-grained structure; 4- Possibility of cold cracks. Main types of welding 1. Manual argon arc and plasma welding.

ALL NON-FERROUS METALS AND ALLOYS REQUIRE HIGH PRODUCTION CULTURE

Cleaning and degreasing areas Heating copper parts to 150...250 o C Forging seams after welding

Scheme of argon arc welding of products 1. Tungsten 2. Argon nozzle 3. Nitrogen nozzle Supply of shielding gases to the welding zone 1. Lateral 2. Central with one concentric flow. 3. Central with two concentric flows.

Scheme of argon arc welding of products using intermittent key type devices

Scheme of argon arc welding of products using devices of continuous type clamps

Scheme for protecting the front and back sides of the seam (weld root) when welding 1. Butt joints 2. T-joints 3. When welding pipelines 4. To protect the inner (back) side of pipelines

Scheme of titanium welding in chambers and boxes with a controlled environment 1. Chamber (box)4 2. Protective glass; 3. Rubber gloves; 4. Arc power source (straight polarity); 5. Camera grounding; 6. Product to be welded; 7, Arc welding torch; 8, Argon supply pipeline; 9. Pipeline for pumping air out of the chamber.

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

The program of the professional module "Welding and cutting parts from various steels, non-ferrous metals and their alloys, cast iron in all spatial positions."

The program of the professional module "Welding and cutting parts made of various steels, non-ferrous metals and their alloys, cast iron in all spatial positions" NPO by profession 150709.02 Welder (electric...

Training program for the professional module "Welding and cutting parts made of various steels, non-ferrous metals and their alloys, cast iron in all spatial positions."

Training program for the professional module "Welding and cutting parts made of various steels, non-ferrous metals and their alloys, cast iron in all spatial positions" NPO by profession 150709.02 ...

Contents of educational practice of the professional module "Welding and cutting parts from various steels, non-ferrous metals and their alloys, cast iron in all spatial positions"

Evaluation sheet for the professional module PM 02. WELDING AND CUTTING PARTS FROM VARIOUS STEEL, NON-FERROUS METALS AND THEIR ALLOYS, CAST IRONS IN ALL SPATIAL POSITIONS

Evaluation sheet for the professional module PM 02. WELDING AND CUTTING OF PARTS FROM VARIOUS STEEL, NON-FERROUS METALS AND THEIR ALLOYS, CAST IRONS IN ALL SPATIAL POSITIONS...

Slide 2

There is such a profession - “Welder”

One of the unique ways to join materials is welding.

Slide 3

• Welder is a responsible, virtuosic profession!
• The durability and stability of building structures, the operation and service life of various equipment depend on the quality of the welder’s work.

Slide 4

This is the best profession

• A welder is characterized by perseverance, dexterity and flexibility of movements of the arms, legs and the whole body.
• Welding is a fundamental part of the creation process for so many of the things we see in everyday life, including cars, buildings, bridges and more.
• In conditions of a general shortage of working personnel, the profession of a welder is of special importance: welding work is required in almost any production
• Welding - usually used to join metals, their alloys or thermoplastics, as well as in medicine.
• There are very few young masters. That's why welders' salaries are high.

Slide 5

Specializations

• gas welder
• operator of automatic welding machines
• manual arc welder

Slide 6

Pros of the profession

• Prestige and high demand in the labor market, both in the public sector of the economy and in the private sector.
• Young specialists who have just graduated from college will not have to look for a job for a long time - it finds them on its own.
• Without experience, welders are readily hired by housing and communal services, private organizations, and service industries.
• With the acquisition of experience, they are entrusted with more responsible tasks and work in industry, on construction sites, and their salaries increase accordingly.

Slide 7

The profession of a welder is irreplaceable

• at a construction site
• at machine-building factories
• during the construction of sea and river vessels of large tonnage, cars, high-pressure boilers, overhead cranes, tanks, pipelines, etc.
• in public utilities

Slide 8

Valery Nikolaevich Kubasov

• Cosmonaut (first flight: from October 11 to October 16, 1969 as a flight engineer of the Soyuz-6 spacecraft). During the flight, for the first time in the world, experiments were carried out on carrying out welding work in space using equipment developed at the Electric Welding Institute named after. B.E. Paton.
• Today, the range of applications of welding technologies extends from underwater to space welding.

Slide 9

Designs for private use.

Slide 10

Manufactured with welded joints

By becoming a professional welder, you can create beauty.

Slide 11

• Welding is an outstanding discovery of Russian inventors.
• The electric arc was first discovered in 1802 by V.V. Petrov, professor of physics at the St. Petersburg Medical and Surgical Academy. In 1882, the Russian inventor N.I. Benardos was the first in the world to use an electric arc to join metals.
• Since then, welding methods have been improved and developed: laser, electronic, beam, wire, in space.
• The work of a welder is very common in all sectors of the national economy (construction, mechanical engineering, shipbuilding and bridge building, etc.).

Slide 12

Inventors

• Nikolai Nikolaevich Benardos. Russian inventor, creator of electric arc welding (1881).
• Nikolai Gavrilovich Slavyanov. Russian metallurgical engineer and inventor. In 1888, he developed a method of welding with a metal electrode and for the first time in the world put into practice arc welding with a metal (consumable) electrode under a layer of flux.

Slide 13

• Luka Ivanovich Borchaninov. A worker at the Motovilikha plant, one of the first welders in Russia. He participated in the construction of the largest steamship in Russia and Europe, where welding was used instead of riveting for the first time in the history of shipbuilding.
• Boris Evgenievich Paton. Soviet scientist in the field of metallurgy, metal technology, welding, professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences